WC & EL / PART TWO / CLASSIFICATION CODE INTERPRETATIONS

Code 3865 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing baby carriages or strollers, doll carriages, bicycles, tricycles, unicycles, and bicycles, regardless of the type of raw material used such as metal, plastic, wood, fiber or reed.  This classification also includes woodworking, metal working and upholstering operations.

Raw materials such as steel tubing and aluminum stock are received from others and cut, bent, punched, drilled and assembled by welding to form the frame.  Other bicycle parts such as seats, wheels, chains, pedals and handlebars are added onto the manufactured frame. 

The in-shop repair of the items manufactured, and bicycle repair in a shop when not performed by a dealer, is inclusive under this classification.

1. Carriages – other than baby or wagon assembly and/or repair.  Horse drawn carriages manufacturing.  Push carts manufacturing.  Refer to Code 3808 “Automobile Mfg. or Assembly.” 

Code 4273 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing paper bags.  Paper is received in rolls and placed on bag making machines.  The machine draws the paper in and, if requested by the employer’s customer, will imprint the customers’ business name, address and/or the company logo on the paper.  The printed paper is cut and folded to size and the seams glued at one end to form completed bags. 

This classification also applies to manufacturing plastic heat-sealed bags commonly used to package consumer goods.  Plastic film is received in two-ply rolls.  The rolls are pressed on printing presses which, when requested by the customer, will imprint the customer’s business name, address and/or company logo on the film.  The printed film is placed on a heat sealing (bag making) machine which cuts, folds and heat seals three sides forming the bag. 

The finished bags are then inspected, packed, stored and shipped to the employer’s customers.

Paper sacks

1. Manufacturing:
1. Paper.  Refer to Code 4239 “Paper Mfg.”
2. Plastic film.  Refer to Code 4459 “Plastics Mfg. – Sheets, Rods, or Tubes.”

This code will expire on 10/01/2024

Applies to the manufacturing, renovation or repair of cotton, burlap or gunny bags or sacks.

Code 2578 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing, renovating or repairing bags or sacks made from textile fabrics such as cotton, burlap or gunny only.  These types of bags or sacks are used as containers for flour, sugar, salt, meat products, vegetables, fruit, fertilizer, coal, and building materials.  Operations such as bale opening, cloth slitting, sheeting, folding, sewing and turning are inclusive under this classification.

1. Manufacturing:
   1. Bags, backpacks, knapsacks or sacks:
      1. Canvas.  Refer to Code 2576 “Awning or Tent Mfg. – Shop Only.”
      2. From textile fabrics.  Refer to Code 2553 “Furnishing Goods Mfg. – NOC – From Textile Fabrics.”
   2. Cosmetic bags:
      1. Leather.  Refer to Code 2688 “Leather Goods Mfg. – NOC.”
      2. Textile.  Refer to Code 2553 “Furnishing Goods Mfg. – NOC – From Textile Fabrics.”   
   3. Paper and plastic shopping bags – heat sealed.  Refer to Code 4273 “Bag Mfg. – Paper or Plastic.”

Applies to shops engaged in making bagels from raw ingredients.

Code 2003 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing baked goods such as, but not limited to, cakes, pies, croissants, muffins, cupcakes, pastries, brownies, bread, rolls, doughnuts, and other bakery items.  Ingredients such as flour, baking powder, sugar, salt, yeast, water, milk, butter, eggs, shortening, nuts, fruits, and flavoring extracts are purchased from others and mixed according to recipe by use of commercial mixing machines, stand mixers, and hand mixers.

Customers may request customized cakes to be made for special occasions.

• Bagel manufacturing
• Beef patties manufacturing
• Doughnut or cruller manufacturing – not at retail shops
• Pizza dough – fresh or frozen
• Taco shells – soft – baked

1. Manufacturing crackers, biscuits, cookies, matzos, wafers, hard pretzels, and ice cream cones.  Refer to Code 2001 “Cookie Mfg.”

2. Doughnut shops which manufacture, prepare or serve doughnuts and/or crullers, beverages, or other food items to private individuals for consumption on or away from premises.  Refer to Code 9072 “Restaurant – Fast Food & Drivers.”

3. Sale of doughnuts or crullers, with no manufacturing or food service.  Refer to Code 8017 “Retail Store – NOC – No Service of Food.”

4. Bakeries operating a store selling baked goods to private individuals exclusively at the same location or separate location.  Assign the appropriate store classification.

5. Bakeries operating a store serving baked goods to private individuals exclusively at the same location or separate location for immediate consumption on or away from the premises.  Refer to Code 8043 “Retail Store – NOC – Including Service of Food – Not Restaurants” or Code 9072 “Restaurant – Fast Food & Drivers.”

Shall not be assigned to an employer engaged in operations described by another classification unless the operations subject to Code 3638 are conducted as a separate and distinct business.

Code 3638 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing ball and/or roller bearings which are used in a variety of rotating equipment, devices and parts.  Steel rods are received from others and are fed into furnaces which feed white-hot steel into a heading machine, where it is then cut by shears into small cylinders.  The small cylinders are then shaped into rough spheres by dies and rough balls are ejected.  The balls are then cooled, ground, heat treated, quenched in oil and then tested for strength using a hydraulic ram.  Some of the balls are shipped to customers while others are assembled into roller bearings.

The fabrication of roller bearings consists of forged rings being machined, ground and polished with care to form an inner and outer ring with ground grooves that will act as raceways for the balls.  A separator or cage will then be formed to fit around the balls to prevent bunching.  The parts are assembled and inspected.

1. Automobile or sleeve type bearings manufacturing.  Refer to Code 3632 “Machine Shop – NOC.”  

Code 8855 applies to financial institutions that receive, lend, exchange, and safeguard money.  It includes traditional saving and loan institutions as well as credit unions and commercial banks.  Services include providing savings and checking accounts, certificates of deposit, safe deposit box rentals, and mortgages.  This classification includes, but is not limited to, bank managers, tellers, loan officers, security personnel, armed and unarmed attendants, ushers, door attendants, runners, messengers, janitorial and maintenance personnel and real estate appraisers that are largely engaged in appraising the value of private dwellings. 

Customers of these types of institutions can be other commercial enterprises as well as individuals.  These institutions generally employ tellers, who help customers open accounts, make deposits or withdrawals, and loan officers, who process loan applications and service accounts.

This classification also applies not only to “brick and mortar” banks but online banks as well.  Online banks offer similar services, such as savings and checking accounts, certificates of deposit, and mortgages, but online banks may not have a physical location that customers can visit, but they transact business via the internet and by other means.

• Armored car crews – (not applicable to contractors who provide such services)
• Employees engaged in care, custody or maintenance – including night watchmen, elevator operators and starters
• Special officers, attendants, ushers, doormen, runners or messengers

1. Check cashing establishments.  Refer to Code 8810 “Clerical Office Employees – NOC.”

2. Insurance companies that assume risk in exchange for premium.  Refer to Code 8723 “Insurance Companies & Clerical, Salespersons.”

3. Brokerage and financial consulting companies, credit card companies and credit collection agencies:
   1. For clerical office employees.  Refer to Code 8810 “Clerical Office Employees – NOC.”
   2. For outside salespersons.  Refer to Code 8742 “Salespersons, Collectors or Messengers – Outside.”

The entire remuneration of all entertainers shall be included in computing premium subject however, to the maximum average weekly wage per employee.  Refer to the “Miscellaneous Values” of Part Three – Loss Costs of this Manual for current weekly
maximum amounts.

Code 9074 applies to employers engaged in operating a bar, dance club, lounge, nightclub, tavern or similar type of establishments principally serving alcoholic beverages.  These types of establishments may also offer prepared food for immediate consumption, however, more than 50% of the sales is derived from the service of alcoholic beverages.

This classification includes the brewing of beer by the employer for immediate consumption by the customer.

Entertainers and/or musicians are inclusive under this classification.

1. Restaurants- Any location at which more than 50% of the sales is derived from the service of food consumed on or away from the premises.  Refer to Code 9071 “Restaurant – Full-Service – Including Entertainers and/or Musicians” or Code 9072 “Restaurant – Fast Food & Drivers.”

2. Restaurant, bar, dance, club, lounge, nightclub or tavern operated by hotels or motels.  Refer to Code 9058 “Hotel – NOC – Restaurant Employees.”

3. Retail stores, principally selling merchandise Not Otherwise Classified (NOC) in this Manual with service of food.  Refer to Code 8043 “Retail Store – NOC – Including Service of Food – Not Restaurants.”

Code 9586 applies to employers that provide personal grooming services for both men and women involving hair, scalp, face and hands.  The services include hair shampooing, dyeing, styling, cutting, shaping, straightening, setting, drying, permanent waving and wig or hairpiece fitting, and facial massage, eyebrow tweezing, shaving, mustache and beard trimming, fingernail care and cosmetology.  Indoor suntanning provided by use of ultraviolet lamps or other means is also assigned to this classification when performed by beauty parlors or barbershops.  Some shops will provide services at customers’ homes or at hospitals.  This classification also includes barber or beauty parlor schools and tanning parlors that operate as separate businesses. 

Additionally, this classification contemplates “make-over salons,” where individuals may receive all or some of the above services and may receive massages and/or partake of steam bath facilities.

Employers engaged in the business of tattooing or body piercing are additionally contemplated by this classification.  These operations are analogous to beauty salon work involving dyes and needles to affix permanent eyebrows and eyeliners to a customer’s face.  Body piercing in this context refers to puncturing a body part such as an earlobe to enable the customer to wear earrings or other ornamental decorations that are intended to be worn on a punctured body part.

• Electrolysis
• Day spas

1. Body piercing operations that take place at a jewelry store whose principal business is the sale of jewelry.  Assign to the appropriate store classification.

2. Exercise institutes and massage parlors.  Refer to Code 9055 “Exercise or Health Institute."

Applies to shower and bath facilities including those located at public beaches and lakes.

Code 9015 applies to employers engaged in operating bathhouses and/or providing lifeguards at public or private baths, beaches or pools.  The maintenance or cleaning of the swimming pools and bathhouses are also contemplated under this classification.  The lifeguard or maintenance employees may also test the pool water for accurate pH and chlorine levels.  This classification also covers the lifeguard inspection of lifesaving equipment, pool decks and restrooms to ensure proper operation.

The operation of public baths or saunas is also contemplated under this classification.

1. Contractors cleaning or maintaining swimming pools only, not by construction contractors.  Refer to Code 9030 “Building Service Contractor.”

Code 3642 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing dry chargeable batteries or dry rechargeable batteries that primarily consist of the zinc carbon or mercuric/silver oxide or alkaline type.  These types of batteries may range in size ranging from small circular coin or button size batteries to sizes such as AAA, AA, C, D, 9-volt or lantern.  Dry cell batteries are commonly used to power a multitude of devices including but not limited to hearing aids, flashlights, photographic equipment, toys, video equipment and wrist watches.

The components of a battery usually consist of a container/case, a cap, electrodes, an electrolyte and a current collector.  Chemicals are mixed along with other materials to form the electrolyte mix, which is then added to the battery container.  The additional battery components are assembled inside the container and the battery is then capped.  The battery manufacturing process is usually fully automated.

The manufactured batteries are tested, packaged and packed for shipment to the employer’s customers.

1. Battery – “wet cell” – automobile type.  Refer to Code 3647 “Battery Mfg. – Storage.”

Code 3647 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing wet batteries that primarily consist of sulphuric acid and water electrolyte and used to power mobile equipment such as automobiles and vessels.  The components of a battery generally consist of a case or container, electrodes, caps, sulfuric acid and water electrolyte.  These materials may be manufactured by the employer or are purchased from others.  The chemicals and other materials are mixed together to form the electrolyte mix.  The mixture is then placed into battery cases and a cap is placed to hold the mixture.  Batteries are then inspected, packed and ready for shipment to the employer’s customers.  The recycling of wet batteries is also included under this classification.

1. Dry cell or hearing aid battery manufacturing.  Refer to Code 3642 “Battery Mfg. – Dry.”

Code 7390 and Code 2121 “Brewery & Drivers” shall not be assigned to the same risk unless the operations described by these classifications are conducted as separate and distinct businesses.

Code 7390 applies to employers performing wholesale distribution of beer and ale. These alcoholic beverages in bottles, cans, or kegs are purchased from breweries or bottling firms. The cases, cartons, or kegs of beer or ale are usually placed in these employers’ warehouses, some of which may have cold storage facilities, prior to being delivered to their customers, e.g., retail outlets, restaurants, and bars.

This classification includes all warehouse employees, merchandisers and drivers and their helpers.

1. Brewing for ale, beer, or malt liquor. Refer to Code 2121 “Brewery & Drivers.”

2. Bottling firms. Refer to Code 2157 “Bottling – NOC & Drivers.”

Code 8025 applies to retail dealers principally engaged in sales and rental of foot powered bicycles, tricycles, and unicycles including the incidental repair and service of foot powered cycles.  Also, included is the incidental sale of parts such as but not limited to brakes, chains, pedals, tires and rims.

In addition, bicycle stores may also sell a variety of bicycle accessories such as baskets, bells and horns, and sporting, exercise or recreational equipment, and clothing.

1. Retail Sales:
   1. Bicycle accessories and sporting, exercise, or recreational equipment.  Refer to Code 8017 “Retail Store – NOC – No Service of Food.”
   2. Bicycle parts or tires.  Refer to Code 7998 “Hardware Store – Retail.”
   3. Clothing or shoes.  Refer to Code 8008 “Clothing or Wearing Apparel Store – Retail.”
2. Wholesale Sales:
   1. Foot powered bicycles, tricycles, unicycles, or bicycle parts.  Refer to Code 7999 “Hardware Store – Wholesale.”
   2. Bicycle tires.  Refer to Code 8018 “Wholesale Store – NOC.”

Code 9545 applies to employers engaged in posting advertising bills on outdoor billboards and sides of building walls.  Old paper or vinyl is removed from the billboard.  New paper or vinyl is placed and secured with paste and rolled smooth.  Some vinyl is self-adhesive and is placed and rolled onto the billboard.  Posting is done from ladders, scaffolding and the ground or roof.  This classification also contemplates the hanging of paper or poster board onto poles, walls or other outdoor surfaces.  Nails or staples are another form of attachment of the advertising bills.  The employer will also make maintenance or repairs on billboards using hand or portable power tools.
 

1. Painting or lettering:
   1. Advertising companies engaged in sign painting or lettering on the exterior of buildings or other structures or erecting and maintaining of outdoor advertising on billboards by advertising companies.  Refer to Code 9549 “Advertising Co. – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.”
   2.  Interior sign painting or lettering.  Refer to Code 9501 “Painting – Shop Only & Drivers.”
   3. Signs on the exterior of buildings or other structures.  Refer to code 9553 “Sign Painting or Lettering on Buildings or Structures – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.”

2. Bill posting in buses and trains.  Refer to Code 5491 “Wallpaper Hanging – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.”

3. Erecting or repairing of signs, other than outdoor advertising companies.  Refer to Code 9552 “Sign Erection or Repair – Away From Shop – Not Outdoor Advertising Companies – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.”

Shall not be assigned to an employer engaged in operations described by another classification unless the operations subject to Code 9089 are conducted as a separate and distinct business.

Code 9089 applies to employers engaged in operating billiard halls, more commonly referred to as pool halls.  Pool halls are usually large open area rooms with various types of pool tables depending on the type of game played (i.e. snooker pool and bumper pool).  These establishments usually have a bar or grill operated within them to provide refreshments, food and snacks to patrons for a fee.  Some pool halls also offer waiter or waitress service to the tables.  It is common to find video games, air hockey and dart boards in these establishments as additional means of entertainment for customers.

1. Bowling lanes, roller and ice-skating rinks, enterprises involving throwing balls or darts at various targets, miniature golf, batting cages, golf driving ranges, laser tag, paintball, archery ranges, shooting galleries, (using air rifles only), public tennis courts, bocce ball and ping pong parlors.  Refer to Code 9093 “Sports Related Entertainment Facilities.”
    

Shall not be assigned to an employer engaged in operations described by another classification unless the operations subject to Code 3111 are conducted as a separate and distinct business.

Code 3111 applies to employers engaged in blacksmith operations.  Iron bars or strips and other materials are heated in a forge fired by coal, coke, gas or oil and formed into various shapes by hammering, bending and twisting.  These operations are usually done by hand. Incidental welding, grinding tool tempering and sharpening may be performed.  This classification is also applicable to a blacksmith or farrier who shoes horses or mules.  

This classification also contemplates pipe bending and cutting according to customers’ specifications.  Pipe pending by specialty contractors is also contemplated by this classification.

Tube bending is done using various types of tubing such as copper, brass, steel and aluminum.  Rolls of tubing are straightened by machine, aligned and cut to length.  After tubing is cut, it is placed on a bending machine and bent to shape.

Oil pipe fitting – forged type

1. Pipe fittings and supplies manufacturing – plumbers’ type.  Threading and cutting plumbing pipes or tubes.  Refer to Code 3188 “Plumbers’ Supplies Mfg. – NOC.”

Code 7201 applies to employers engaged in operating a horse livery or horse boarding stable.  The employer boards their customers’ horses and may also board their own horses.  This classification contemplates the maintenance of the stables and any equipment utilized in the operation of the stables as well as feeding, grooming and general care of the horses.

• Horse show or rodeos – stable employees      
• Racetracks – stable employees

1. Horse breeders.  Refer to Code 0006 “Farm – NOC & Drivers.”

2. Horse racing stable – including jockeys and trainers.  Grooming race horses.  Refer to Code 8280 “Racing Stable & Drivers.”
    

Includes shop and yard work.

Code 6811 applies to employers engaged in construction of wooden commercial-type craft of any length and does not include repair work.  This classification is also applicable to the construction/manufacture of wooden floating dry docks.

Barges, canoes, tugboats – wood

1. Boat rental or livery.  Refer to Code 7038 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program I,” Code 7050 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program II USL Act,” and Code 7090 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 tons – Program II – State Act.”

2. The construction/manufacturing of metal floating docks.  Refer to Code 6824F “Boat Building or Repair & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S. Act” and Code 6834 “Boat Building or Repair & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act Only.”

Includes shop and yard work.

Code 6801F applies to employers engaged in construction of wooden commercial-type craft of any length and does not include repair work.  This classification is also applicable to the construction/manufacture of wooden floating dry docks.

Barges, canoes, tugboats – wood – coverage under U.S. Act

1. Repair work of commercial-type craft.  Refer to Code 6811 “Boat Building – NOC – Wood & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act Only.”

2. The construction/manufacturing of metal floating docks.  Refer to Code 6824F  “Boat Building or Repair & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S. Act” and Code 6834  “Boat Building or Repair & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act Only.”

Code 6834 is applicable to the construction of wood, metal, fiberglass or plastic yachts, motor boats, sailboats or rowboats under 65 feet in length.

Includes shop and yard work.

 Applicable to repair of any recreational vessel or to dismantling any part of a recreational vessel in connection with the repair of such vessel.

Code 6834 applies to employers engaged in fabrication or construction of wood, metal, fiberglass or plastic boats under 65 feet in length and to the repair and reconditioning of these vessels.  Although this classification specifically refers to yachts, motorboats, sailboats and rowboats, the classification is not limited solely to the construction of pleasure watercraft but has also been assigned to those risks predominantly engaged in such operations, which occasionally construct or repair commercial-type boats within the 150-foot in length limitation.  This is in recognition of the fact that most of the pleasure-type boat building concerns primarily engaged in the construction or repair of pleasure craft will, on occasion, repair or even construct small commercial watercraft.

The manufacturing of personal watercraft is additionally contemplated by this classification and Code 6824F “Boat Building or Repair & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S. Act.”  Personal watercraft are small motorized boats usually designed for occupancy by one or two passengers.  These boats are used for recreational purposes, which may include participation in racing tournaments.

The construction/manufacture of metal floating docks is assigned to Code 6824F “Boat Building or Repair & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S. Act” and Code 6834 by analogy.

1. Boat building or repair:
   1. Boats over 65 feet in length and up to 150 feet in length.  Refer to Code 6824F “Boat Building or Repair & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S. Act.”
   2. Wood – exclusively.  Refer to Code 6801F “Boat Building – NOC – Wood & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S. Act,” and Code 6811 “Boat Building – NOC – Wood & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act Only.”

2. Boat rental or livery.  Refer to Code 7038 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program I,” Code 7090 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program II – State Act,” and Code 7050 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program II – USL Act.”

3. Marinas.  Refer to Code 6836 “Marina & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act Only,” and Code 6826F “Marina & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S. Act.”

4. Ship building – iron or steel including freighters, passenger vessels and tankers.  Refer to Code 6854 “Shipbuilding – Iron or Steel – NOC & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act Only,” and Code 6843F “Shipbuilding – Iron or Steel – NOC & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S. Act Only.”

Code 6834 is applicable to the construction of wood, metal, fiberglass or plastic yachts, motor boats, sailboats or rowboats 65 feet and over in length but not exceeding 150 feet in length.

Includes shop and yard work.   

Not applicable to the repair of any recreational vessel or to dismantling any part of a recreational vessel in connection with the repair of such vessel.

Code 6824F applies to employers engaged in the fabrication or construction of wood, metal, fiberglass or plastic boats 65 feet and over in length but not exceeding 150 feet in length, and to the repair and reconditioning of these vessels.  This classification has not been limited solely to the construction of pleasure watercraft but has also been assigned to those risks predominantly engaged in such operations, which occasionally construct or repair commercial-type boats within the 150-foot length limitation.  This is in recognition of the fact that most of the pleasure-type boat building concerns primarily engaged in the construction or repair of pleasure craft will, on occasion, repair or even construct small commercial watercraft.

The manufacturing of personal watercraft is additionally contemplated by this classification and Code 6834 “Boat Building or Repair & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act Only.”  Personal watercraft are small motorized boats usually designed for occupancy by one or two passengers.  These boats are used for recreational purposes, which may include participation in racing tournaments.

• Boat motors only – inboard or outboard – building or repairing
• Oakum – for boat caulking – shop repairs and installation

1. Boat building or repair – boats under 65 feet in length.  Refer to Code  6834  “Boat Building or Repair & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act Only.”

2. Boat building or repair – wood exclusively.  Refer to Code 6801F “Boat Building – NOC – Wood & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S. Act” and Code 6811 “Boat Building – NOC – Wood & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act only.”

3. Boat rental or livery.  Refer to Code 7038 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program I,” Code 7050 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program II – USL Act,” and Code 7090 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program II – State Act.”

Concessions – boats in parks – concessions aboard vessels shall be assigned to the classification which would apply if the operations were conducted on land.      

Code 7038 applies to operations described in this scope that are conducted on waters subject to Admiralty jurisdiction.  Refer to Rule XII “Admiralty Law and the Federal Employers’ Liability Act” of this Manual for explanation of the Admiralty law and a description of Coverage Programs that pertain to this classification.

Pilot boats, which are usually small vessels used to deliver a pilot to and from the pilot’s ship in a harbor, are also included in this classification.  Activities within the scope of this classification include rental, operation, storage and maintenance aboard the boat and on the shore.

Vessels – Sail   

This classification is applicable to any masted vessel used in a commercial manner with the exception of masted fishing vessels, which are properly classified to Code 7016 “Fishing Vessels — NOC.”  Masted vessels that fall within the scope of this classification may also use engines as needed for power.  This classification includes sailing vessels chartered by individuals or groups for recreational purposes including such diversions as sightseeing, snorkeling and swimming.  In addition, these vessels may provide entertainment as well as beverage and meal service for their passengers.

Yachts – Private – Sail or Power

This classification is assigned to the demonstration or operation of private yachts, either sail or power, on navigable waters when Admiralty coverage is afforded by the policy.  It has also been assigned to employees engaged in hydroplane racing on navigable waters when Admiralty coverage is afforded.

Boat livery is generally associated with the transport of people to unspecified locations as opposed to a ferry, which operates on a designated schedule and will carry fare-paying passengers between two or more points.  Boat livery-type vessels will usually not carry passengers’ vehicles or cargo for others.  Activities contemplated by this scope include the operation, rental, storage and maintenance of vessels under 15 tons.  The reference to boats “under 15 tons” refers to the displacement of the vessel without stores (supplies such as food, clothing or arms), bunk (sleeping accommodations), fuel or cargo.

Operations contemplated by this classification include the operation of glass-bottom boats as tourist attractions, the operation of boats on a lake as part of amusement parks or resorts, white-water rafting trips, sightseeing boats, harbor tours, drift fishing boats, chartered fishing boats and riverboat gambling vessels provided that these vessels weigh less than 15 tons.

Livery – including laying up and putting boats into commission

1. Vessels weighing 15 tons or greater.  Refer to Code 7016 “Vessels – NOC – Program I,” Code 7024 “Vessels – NOC – Program II – State Act,” and Code 7047 “Vessels – NOC – Program II – USL Act.”

2. When Longshore coverage is afforded to a boatyard, located on or adjacent to water, that is engaged in sales, repair, service and/or storage of boats.  Refer to Code 6826F “Marina & Drivers – Coverage Under U.S Act” and when only State Act coverage is afforded, refer to Code 6836 “Marina & Drivers – Coverage Under State Act Only.”

Concessions aboard vessels shall be assigned to the classification which would apply if the operations were conducted on land.

Code 7090 applies to operations described in this scope that are conducted on waters subject to Admiralty jurisdiction.  Refer to Rule XII “Admiralty Law and the Federal Employers’ Liability Act” of this Manual for explanation of the Admiralty law and a description of Coverage Programs that pertain to this classification.

Boat livery is generally associated with the transport of people to unspecified locations as opposed to a ferry, which operates on a designated schedule and will carry fare-paying passengers between two or more points.  Boat livery-type vessels will usually not carry passengers’ vehicles or cargo for others.  Activities contemplated by this scope include the operation, rental, storage and maintenance of vessels under 15 tons.  The reference to boats “under 15 tons” refers to the displacement of the vessel without stores (supplies such as food, clothing or arms), bunk (sleeping accommodations), fuel or cargo.

Operations contemplated by this classification include the operation of glass-bottom boats as tourist attractions, the operation of boats on a lake as part of amusement parks or resorts, white-water rafting trips, sightseeing boats, harbor tours, drift fishing boats, chartered fishing boats and riverboat gambling vessels provided that these vessels weigh less than 15 tons.

Vessels – Sail   

This classification is applicable to any masted vessel used in a commercial manner with the exception of masted fishing vessels, which are properly classified to Code 7016 “Fishing Vessels — NOC.”  Masted vessels that fall within the scope of this classification may also use engines as needed for power.  This code includes sailing vessels chartered by individuals or groups for recreational purposes including such diversions as sightseeing, snorkeling and swimming.  In addition, these vessels may provide entertainment as well as beverage and meal service for their passengers.

Yachts – Private – Sail or Power

This classification is assigned to the demonstration or operation of private yachts, either sail or power, on navigable waters when Admiralty coverage is afforded by the policy.  It has also been assigned to employees engaged in hydroplane racing on navigable waters when Admiralty coverage is afforded.

Concessions – boats in park

1. When state coverage is afforded to a boatbuilding or repair facility located inland.  Assign the appropriate boatbuilding or repair classification.

2. Vessels weighing 15 tons or greater.  Refer to Code 7016 “Vessels – NOC – Program I,” Code 7024 “Vessels – NOC – Program II – State Act,” and Code 7047 “Vessels – NOC – Program II – USL Act.”

Code 7050 applies to operations described in this scope that are conducted on waters subject to Admiralty jurisdiction.  Refer to Rule XII “Admiralty Law and the Federal Employers’ Liability Act” of this Manual for explanation of the Admiralty law and a description of Coverage Programs that pertain to this classification.

Boat livery is generally associated with the transport of people to unspecified locations as opposed to a ferry, which operates on a designated schedule and will carry fare-paying passengers between two or more points.  Boat livery-type vessels will usually not carry passengers’ vehicles or cargo for others.  Activities contemplated by this scope include the operation, rental, storage and maintenance of vessels under 15 tons.  The reference to boats “under 15 tons” refers to the displacement of the vessel without stores (supplies such as food, clothing or arms), bunk (sleeping accommodations), fuel or cargo.

Operations contemplated by this classification include the operation of glass-bottom boats as tourist attractions, the operation of boats on a lake as part of amusement parks or resorts, white-water rafting trips, sightseeing boats, harbor tours, drift fishing boats, chartered fishing boats and riverboat gambling vessels provided that these vessels weigh less than 15 tons.

Pilot boats, which are usually small vessels used to deliver a pilot to and from the pilot’s ship in a harbor, are also included in this classification.  Activities within the scope of this classification include rental, operation, storage and maintenance aboard the boat and on the shore.

Vessels – Sail   

This classification is applicable to any masted vessel used in a commercial manner with the exception of masted fishing vessels, which are properly classified to Code 7016 “Fishing Vessels — NOC.”  Masted vessels that fall within the scope of this classification may also use engines as needed for power.  This code includes sailing vessels chartered by individuals or groups for recreational purposes including such diversions as sightseeing, snorkeling and swimming.  In addition, these vessels may provide entertainment as well as beverage and meal service for their passengers.

Yachts—Private—Sail or Power

This classification is assigned to the demonstration or operation of private yachts, either sail or power, on navigable waters when Admiralty coverage is afforded by the policy.  It has also been assigned to employees engaged in hydroplane racing on navigable waters when Admiralty coverage is afforded.

Concessions – boats in parks

1. Boat rental or livery.  Refer to Code 7038 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program I” and Code 7090 “Boat Livery – Boats Under 15 Tons – Program II – State Act.”

2. Vessels weighing 15 tons or greater.  Refer to Code 7016 “Vessels – NOC – Program I,” Code 7024 “Vessels – NOC – Program II – State Act,” and Code 7047 “Vessels – NOC – Program II – USL Act.”

Code 8731 applies to employers engaged in conducting state regulated inspections of boilers, escalators, or elevators to survey their operative condition and safety.  Boiler inspectors conduct regulatory inspections of high- and low-pressure boilers to ascertain the boiler condition and safe method of operation and to remove from service and tag unsafe boilers.  Tests are performed to determine the bursting point and safe working pressure of the boilers.  The employee checks the condition of braces, straps, tubes, shells and all other internal and external boiler parts.

Escalator inspectors will check for torn or damaged step components and comb plates which are floor plates located on top and bottom of the escalator.  Tests are conducted on the steps of the escalator for any excess movement which is deemed unsafe.  The employee will inspect the comb plate for missing teeth and proper mesh with each step tread.  The condition of the emergency brakes is also inspected for proper operation.

Elevator inspectors will inspect, examine and test all parts and functions at required or scheduled intervals to ensure safe operating condition.  The examination will consist of checking the overspeed safety system, potential malfunction or wear of the governor rope system, and excessive leaks of hydraulic drive machines.  The employee will also inspect all landings and car door mechanical and electrical components for any defective parts.

1. Inspectors:
   1. Building.  Refer to code 9410 “Municipal, Township, County or State Employee – NOC.”
   2. In a boiler installation and repair company.  Refer to Code 3726 “Boiler Installation or Repair – Steam – All Operations to Completion.”   
   3. In an elevator or escalator installation and repair company.  Refer to Code 5160 “Elevator Erection or Repair – All Operations to Completion.”

Includes the construction or repair of foundations.

Code 3726 applies to employers engaged in installing or repairing high-pressure steam boilers, cleaning and scaling of boilers or ship boilers, cleaning oil tanks on land, and metal tank erection or repair within buildings.  Employers engaged in operations contemplated by this classification perform these operations for commercial or industrial concerns. 

Boiler installations generally involve excavation, concrete or masonry foundation work, rigging or slinging of drums and headers into place, setting tubes into headers, installation of super heating units, and installation of all steam fitting work.  The installation of breeching by steam boiler erectors is included under this classification.

This classification also applies to employers that specialize in the installation or repair of metal commercial or industrial tanks including oil tanks within buildings and includes construction or repair of the tank foundations.  These operations are like boiler installation and repair in that these contractors perform excavation, foundation work, rigging and installation of the tank auxiliary services.  
  
Specialist contractors engaged in commercial or industrial boiler scaling and the cleaning of tanks, other than sandblasting, are also assigned to this classification.  The operations involve the removal of boiler scales or residue from tanks using either chemicals, steam or mechanical methods.

• Air compressors – metal receiving tanks
• Furnaces – cast iron – industrial   
• Garbage, trash or waste incinerators – not cast          
• Generators and equipment – steam powered        
 

1. Boiler manufacturing:
   1. Cast iron – steam.  Boiler grates.  Furnace – cast iron.  Refer to Code 3081 “Foundry – NOC – Ferrous.”  
   2. Low pressure – hot water (160 PSI or less) or steam (15 lbs. or less).  Boiler – gas or oil – steam.  Blast furnace.  Refer to Code 3620 “Tank Building – Metal – Shop.” 
   3. Boiler tubes – including bending and cutting.  Refer to Code 3111 “Blacksmith.”   
2. Installation or repair:
   1. Boiler coverings (insulation) at customers’ locations by an insulation contractor.  Refer to Code 5184 “Boiler or Steam Pipe Insulating – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.” 
   2. Boiler at customers’ locations – low pressure – hot water type – 160 PSI (pounds per square inch) or less.  Boiler installation or repair at customers’ locations – low pressure – steam 15 lbs. PSI (pounds per square inch) or less.  Furnace installation other than hot air or industrial.  Refer to Code 5183 “Plumbing – NOC – All Operations to Completion & Drivers." 
   3. Furnace – hot air – household.  Refer to Code 5536 “Air Conditioning and Heating Duct Work – Shop and Outside – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.”  
   4. Tank – oil – industrial type – other than within buildings.  Tank installation – non-expanding type – metal – on or below ground including gasoline.  Tank installation – metal – on roof of buildings.  Refer to Code 5057 “Iron or Steel Erection – NOC – All Operations to Completion.”    

3. Boiler cleaning service – by contractor – vacuuming.  Boiler tube cleaning – by a service contractor.  Refer to Code 9030 “Building Service Contractor.” 

4. Tank cleaning – by sandblasting.  Refer to Code 1741 “Flint or Spar Grinding & Drivers.”  

5. Boiler inspection performed by other than a boiler installation firm.  Refer to Code 8731 “Boiler Inspection.” 

6. Boiler preheaters – oil.  Refer to Code 3632 “Machine Shop – NOC.”     

Includes shop.  Applies to the application of cork, asbestos or other non-conducting materials.

Code 5184 applies to employers engaged in installing insulation on steam pipes and boilers.  The insulation material is usually purchased in rolls and when needed, cut to the proper size.  Operations involve measuring the insulation around the pipe and then taping or stapling over the pipe.  Boilers are usually insulated with a special insulated blanket that is wrapped around it and secured with straps.  Hot water lines, furnaces and heating ducts may also require insulation, which is cut, taped and clamped secure.

1. Manufacturing of insulated pipe covering.  Refer to Code 4250 “Paper Coating.”

Code 3132 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing nuts, bolts, and spikes from bar or rod stock.  Iron, steel, copper, and bronze bar or rod stock is received from others.  Automatic machinery such as forging machines, shears, cold presses, bending chucks, blanking presses, tapping and threading machines are used in the manufacturing process.  Usually, the products are pressed formed, either hot or cold.

Bar stock is usually fed into an automatic screw machine to be shaped.  After being shaped, the nuts and bolts have a pattern etched into them using a milling machine.  Completion operations include threading, cleaning and preparing items for plating.  Plating is done with a chrome or cadmium finish if performed by the employer.

• Anchors – building type bolt
• Shackles – including forging
• Turnbuckles – including forging
• U-bolts

1. Blast furnace operations involving smelting, sintering or refining metals other than lead or iron.  Refer to Code 1438 “Smelting, Sintering or Refining – NOC – Metals – Not Iron or Lead & Drivers.” 

2. Rolling mill – brass, copper or other soft metals.  Refer to Code 3027 “Rolling Mill – NOC & Drivers.”   

3. Rolling mill – iron or steel – cold rolling, drawing or doubling process.  No Steel making.  Refer to Code 3018 “Iron or Steel Mfg. – Rolling Mill & Drivers.”
    

Not applicable to store locations where more than 50% of the gross receipts is from the service of food or the sale of musical instruments, computers or other hardware, or household or electronic equipment.

Code 8072 applies to stores which are principally engaged in the retail sale of items such as audio or video cassettes, blu ray discs, books, comic books, compact discs, magazines, newspapers, records, sheet music, software, or video games.

1. The sale of prepared food items that exceeds 50% of the total gross receipts.  Refer to Code 9071 “Restaurant – Full-Service – Including Entertainers and/or Musician” or Code 9072 “Restaurant – Fast Food & Drivers.”  If the sale of prepared items does not exceed 50% of the gross receipts.  Refer to Code 8043 “Retail Store – NOC – Including Service of Food – Not Restaurants.”

2. Retail drug stores, cigar stores, or other “NOC” retail stores with no service of food.  Refer to Code 8017 “Retail Store – NOC – No Service of Food.”

Code 4307 applies to employers engaged in bookbinding.

Prior to the binding process, the printed pages are folded into units known as signatures with the use of buckle or knife folders or in some cases both depending on the weight of the pages.  This signature process is done so that the pages will be in proper position and order.  The folded signatures are then bundled together on power, pneumatic or bundling presses and assembled either manually or mechanically.  The signatures are bound together using wire staplers or adhesive or sewn together with thread.  The pages may need to be cut to final size which may be done with the use of guillotine cutters or knife trimmers.  The book will then be pressed to reduce its thickness.

Book backings and liners are glued using cold or hot glue and then assembled to form a completed book.  The book is then pressed on a removable or standing press until such time the glue has dried.  In some cases, pages are edged with gold leaf or rough edged.  The completed books are inspected, packed and shipped to the employer’s customers.

This classification also includes book repair in shop or restoring old damaged books.

1. Bookbinding equipment manufacturing.  Refer to Code 3548 “Printing or Bookbinding Machinery Mfg.”

Code 2660 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing all types of shoes, sneakers, sandals, boots or slippers, including custom made or orthopedic, that are either hand or machine made.

Raw materials such as leather, imitation leather, fabric, rubber heels, wooden heels, plastic heels, soles, padding, eyelets, buckles, glue, cement, nails, staples, tacks, thread, shoe laces, etc. are used in the fabrication process.  This classification includes the manufacturing of tongues, facings, linings, counter heels and soles when made by the same an employer engaged in manufacturing shoes, boots, sneakers, sandals or slippers.  The employer may also purchase these particular items from outside manufacturers as well as other raw materials.  

Designers will create designs of shoes, boots, sneakers, sandals and slippers and produce a paper pattern according to design.  The making of paper patterns is inclusive when performed by the manufacturer for its own shoe manufacturing business.  Shoes, boots, sneakers, sandals or slippers are usually assembled from parts prepared according to pattern with material that is cut by hand or machine.  Operations will usually involve sewing, gluing, cementing and nailing with finishing, trimming, cleaning, brushing, waxing, buffing and polishing.

1. Manufacturing:
   1. Boot or shoe paper pattern including cutters, designers and draftspersons.  No cloth cutting.  Applies to employers engaged in manufacturing patterns for use by manufacturers of boots or shoes.  Refer to Code 4282 “Dress Pattern Mfg. – Paper.” 
   2. Shoe findings (facings, linings, tongues) or shoe stock (counter, heel or sole cutting) exclusively.  Heels covered with leather or plastic.  Refer to Code 2688 “Leather Goods Mfg. – NOC.”   
   3. Shoe last blocks for manufacturers or shoemakers.  Refer to Code 2710 “Saw Mill.”          

2.  Shoe repair or shoe shine services.  Includes hand dyeing or shining.  Refer to Code 9585 “Shoe Repair Shop.”

Shall not be assigned to a risk engaged in operations described by another classification unless the operations subject to Code 8264 are conducted as a separate and distinct business.

Code 8264 applies to the operation of collecting, buying, and reselling used or scrap items such as paper stock, rags, plastic, bottles, bones, rubber stock where at least 80% of the total weight of all materials handled is comprised of these items.

This classification is also applicable to beverage bottle or can recycling and paper shredding as a service to others.

1. Collecting and hauling garbage.  Refer to Code 9403 “Garbage, Ashes or Refuse Collection & Drivers.”

2. Collecting, buying, and selling used:
   1. Iron or steel scrap 80% of which is comprised of iron or steel scrap.  Refer to Code 8265 “Iron or Steel Scrap Dealer & Drivers.”
   2. Iron or steel, and non-ferrous metal exclusively less than 80% of which consists of iron and steel or materials which include non-ferrous metal scrap but no iron or steel scrap.  Refer to Code 8500 “Metal Scrap Dealer & Drivers.”
   3. Varieties of paper stock, rags, bottles, bones, rubber stock, plastic or metal and some iron or steel scrap.  Refer to Code 8263 “Junk Dealer & Drivers.”

3. Collecting and hauling shredded or non-shredded paper documents. Refer to Code 9403 “Garbage, Ashes or Refuse Collection & Drivers.”

4. Dismantling motor vehicles and salvaging or junking parts.  Refer to Code 3821 “Automobile Dismantling & Drivers.”

5. Exchanging reusable milk bottles.  Refer to Code 8018 “Wholesale Store – NOC.”

6.  Laundering:
   1. Wiping cloths for commercial customers.  Refer to Code 2591 “Dry Cleaning or Laundry – Commercial & Route Salespersons, Drivers.”
   2. Wiping cloths for retail customers.  Refer to Code 2590 “Dry Cleaning or Laundry – Retail & Route Salespersons, Drivers.”

7. Manufacturing products from recycled materials.  Assign the appropriate manufacturing classification.

8. Redeeming bottles and cans including sorting but not crushing.  Refer to Code 8018 “Wholesale Store – NOC.”

9. Reducing or incinerating garbage.  Refer to Code 7590 “Garbage Works.”

10. Selling collected or purchased second hand materials.  Assign the appropriate manufacturing classification.

11. Wrecking and salvaging buildings.  Refer to Code 5701 “Wrecking – Buildings – Not Marine – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.”

It is common for businesses subject to Code 2157 to engage in route sales.  If the employer employs route salespersons and route supervisors, such employees will be subject to Code 2157 and not to Code 8751  “Route Salespersons and Route Supervisors” since Code 2157 includes drivers.

Code 2157 applies to employers engaged in bottling or canning carbonated liquids as well as warehousing, labeling, packaging and distributing of the product where the bottling or canning is performed.

Beer – received from outside sources – bottling or canning only

1. Breweries – brewing beer including bottling.  Refer to Code 2121 “Brewery & Drivers

Code 4243 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing cardboard boxes which are shipped in a flat or unassembled state to be assembled or folded into boxes by the end user.

Cardboard or paperboard sheet stock is cut to size, die cut to shape and creased or scored for fold lines.

1. Manufacturing:
   1. Corrugated cardboard boxes other than as described above in the “Description.” Refer to Code 4244 “Corrugated or Fiberboard Container Mfg.”
   2. Paper boxes – set-up or fully assembled type paper boxes.  Refer to Code 4240 “Box Mfg. – Set-Up Paper.”
   3. Paper or paperboard.  Refer to Code 4239 “Paper Mfg.”
   4. Plastic boxes or box parts by molding operations.  Refer to Code 4452 “Plastics Mfg. – Fabricated Products – NOC” and Code 4475 “Plastics Mfg. – Molded Products – NOC.”
   5. Sheet metal boxes or containers.  Refer to Code 3066 “Sheet Metal Work – Shop Only,” or Code 3067 “Sheet Metal Work – Shop Only.”
   6. Wooden boxes or crates manufacturing.  Refer to Code 2759 “Box or Box Shook Mfg.”

Code 4240 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing cardboard packaging boxes distributed in an assembled state (not flat state) with tops or closures in place.  These products are commonly used to package candy, drugs, jewelry, shoes, stationery, hats, hosiery, shirts, and other similar products.  The materials used in paper box manufacturing normally include cardboard stock (also referred to as paperboard, box board or pasteboard), rolls of flat finish or coated paper, staying tape, lace or plain paper used for the flat inside section of the box, paste, gum or glue, ink, type, plates, labels or wrappers.    

Cardboard stock is received cut to size, scored and creased to box dimensions. Employees cut out box corners, bend the box sides (flanges) and secure the box corners with a “corner stayer,” which pastes gummed tape or paper to the corners of the box. Next, in a process called “stripping” they automatically glue paper to the sides of the box. The box tops and bottoms are spread with paper which, in many instances, has been previously printed or embossed. This process often involves topping or wrapping machines. When boxes are to be paper-lined, “flyleaf” or “lace paper” is gummed on the edge and pressed to the inside of the box. Thumbhole cutters punch out the thumbholes for the box. Employees set type or plates in presses, print the labels and hand or machine paste the labels onto the boxes. Lastly, the boxes are examined, closed with covers, bundled and shipped. 

This classification also includes manufacturing set-up or assembled boxes made of acetate or similar plastic sheet materials if the manufacturing operations are comparable to those associated with the manufacturing of cardboard boxes as described above.

1. Manufacturing:
   1. Corrugated cardboard boxes or fiberboard containers.  Refer to Code 4244 “Corrugated or Fiberboard Container Mfg.”
   2. Folding cardboard boxes – other than those made from corrugated cardboard or fiberboard materials.  Refer to Code 4243 “Box Mfg. – NOC – Folding Paper.”
   3. Paper or paperboard.  Refer to Code 4239 “Paper Mfg.”
   4. Plastic boxes or box parts by molding operations.  Assign the appropriate plastics manufacturing classification according to the molding process involved.  Refer to Code 4452 “Plastics Mfg. – Fabricated Products – NOC” and Code 4475 “Plastics Mfg. – Molded Products – NOC.”
   5. Sheet metal boxes or containers.  Refer to Code 3066 “Sheet Metal Work – Shop Only” or Code 3067 “Sheet Metal Work – Shop Only.” 
   6. Wooden boxes or crates.  Refer to Code 2759 “Box or Box Shook Mfg.”

Code 2759 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing or assembling various types of wooden crates, boxes or box parts.  The machine operations generally involve planing, sawing, cutting, tonguing, grooving, matching and the machine nailing of shooks into panels.  The box shooks may also be assembled by hand nailing.  Box shooks are defined as bundles of parts that are ready to be assembled into boxes.  

The assembly of barrels, cooperage or kegs from prefabricated purchased parts are also inclusive under this classification.  

Includes repair of the wooden crates or wooden boxes and other products assigned to this classification when performed in the shop for their customers.  Also, includes repairs to wooden boxes performed by second-hand dealers.

• Animal or bird cages  
• Beverage cases

1. Manufacturing:
   1. Barrel or drums stock – heads, hoops or staves, cooperage stock or keg parts – wood.  Refer to Code 2710 “Saw Mill.” 
   2. Pallets or skids.  Refer to Code 2802 “Carpentry – Shop Only & Drivers.”  

2. Cleaning barrels or drums made of fiber or wood performed by a cleaning service contractor.  Refer to Code 8018 “Wholesale Store – NOC.”

3. Planing or Molding Mill operations.  Refer to Code 2731 “Planing or Molding Mill.”

Code 2570 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing stuffed mattresses, spring mattresses or box springs.  Fillers such as cotton, kapok liners, hair, felt or silk floss, trimmings, fabrics, muslin, polyurethane, memory or latex foam, coiled springs, burlap, twine, nails and dressed frames are used in production.  Coil springs may be tied together and padded, or muslin pockets may be sewn to each coil spring.  Springs may also be joined and attached to frames.  Fabrics are cut and sewn together on three sides, slipped over box springs or fillers with the fourth side being sewn closed.  Mattresses may be shaped, edges rolled, brushed, labeled, packed and shipped.

Incidental operations may include treatment of filler material such as carding, willowing, picking, garneting and cleaning.

Assembling mattresses and box springs from purchased parts is also subject to this classification.

This classification also applies to manufacturing pillows, quilts or cushions by employers that are also engaged in manufacturing mattresses.

1. Manufacturing:
   1. Bed frame made of metal or electrically controlled moveable metal bed frame – including hospital type and metal folding bed.  Refer to Code 3076 “Fireproof Equipment Mfg.”  
   2. Bed frame made of wood includes assembly of parts and cot – folding canvas type – including wood frame.  Refer to Code 2883 “Furniture Mfg. – NOC – Wood.”  Assembly only of purchased parts.  Refer to Code 2881 “Furniture Assembly – Wood – From Manufactured Parts.”  
   3. Cot – folding canvas type – no frame manufacturing.  Refer to Code 2576 “Awning or Tent Mfg. – Shop Only.”
   4. Excelsior.  Refer to Code 2916 “Veneer Products Mfg.” 
   5. Mattress covers, bedspreads, blankets, pillowcases or sheets made from cloth or plastic and inflatable mattress.  Refer to Code 2553 “Furnishing Goods Mfg. – NOC – From Textile Fabrics.”  
   6. Water bed mattress – cutting and splitting rubber.  Refer to Code 4410 “Rubber Goods Mfg. – NOC.” 
   7. Wire mattress springs.  Refer to Code 3257 “Wire Goods Mfg. – NOC”  
   8. Pillows including feather type, quilts, comforters or cushions not manufactured by a box spring or mattress manufacturer.  Refer to Code 2571 “Pillow, Quilt or Cushing Mfg.”  

2. Sterilizing mattresses and box springs by a service contractor.  Refer to Code 2593 “Carpet, Rug or Upholstery Cleaning – Shop or Outside & Route Salespersons, Drivers.”  

Code 2387 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing braids, fringes, tassels and similar products used by various industries to dress their products.  Cotton and synthetic materials are processed by spooling, doubling, braiding, cutting and knotting.  Weaving and knitting may be performed.

This classification also applies to employers that manufacture chenille stems, also known as pipe cleaners, paper or plastic twist ties and pom-poms.

• Fishing line – braided or twisted cord     
• Florist wire – cotton or paper covered

1. Manufacturing:
   1. Clothing.  Refer to Code 2501 “Clothing Mfg.”
   2. Fishing line made from nylon.  Refer to Code 2302 “Silk Thread or Yarn Mfg.”  
   3. Furnishing goods from textile fabrics.  Refer to Code 2553 “Furnishing Goods Mfg. – NOC – From Textile Fabrics.”     
   4. Knit goods such as knitted piece goods, gloves, mittens or wearing apparel.  Refer to Code 2362 “Knit Goods Mfg. – NOC.”  
   5. Net or webbing.  Refer to Code 2380 “Net Mfg.” 
   6. Textile trimming – embroidered, novelty and piping.  Refer to Code 2388 “Embroidery Mfg.”

Code 3315 applies to employers engaged in processing products made from brass or copper sheets.  The operations consist of processing of the brass or copper sheets by stamping, hammering, spinning, riveting and brazing and in some cases, to form products such as those listed below.  Polishing and plating of fabricated products is inclusive under this classification.

This classification also applies to cartridge or shell case manufacturing.  Strips of metal stock are fed through blanking presses to fabricate shell case blanks.  The first operation on the blanks is cupping and then drawings are made with annealing and washing between each draw.  The cupped and drawn cases are then sent to the annealing furnaces.  After drawing, the cases are trimmed, and the heads are formed.  (This is a press operation).  Primer holes are pierced, heads are turned, the nose taper is drawn, and the cases are given a final washing and inspected for length, size wall thickness, chamber fit, etc.  Any scratches are buffed and burred out. 

Metal spinning and stamping

1. Explosives or ammunition manufacturing.  Shell  case loading or cartridge charging or loading.  Refer to Code 4771 “Explosives or Ammunition Mfg. – NOC & Drivers.”

Applies to river work only.

Code 6003 applies to employers engaged in the construction of a jetty, breakwaters, sea walls, groynes, dikes, revetments etc.  A jetty involves more construction than a dike or a levee in that it must extend into a body of water.  A jetty is constructed of heave timber cribbing filled with boulders or heavy stone.

The construction of a dike included in this classification involves operations in which an embankment of earth is thrown up along the edge of the river.  Then embankment is very frequently paved with loose stone.  In addition to the stones, the embankment may be anchored by lumber or willow mattresses, which are laid against the surface of the dike and held down by stone or piling.

• Dock building – no pile driving
• Rip rap stone – placed along shoreline

1. Caisson work, cofferdam work or shaft sinking.  Refer to Code 6252 “Shaft Sinking – All Operations to Completion.”

2. Pile driving.  Refer to Code 6003 “Pile Driving – NOC – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.”

Code 2121 and Code 7390 “Beer or Ale Dealer – Wholesale & Drivers” shall not be assigned to the same risk unless the operations described by these classifications are conducted as separate and distinct businesses.

Code 2121 applies to employers engaged in the operation of a brewery where beer or ale beverages are manufactured.  This classification includes all operations that are involved in the making of beer or ale such as bottling, capping, labeling, distributing stations, warehouses, and sign erection or repair for the purpose of advertising the employer’s product.

Beer is a fermented beverage that contains ingredients such as, but not limited to, water, grain, yeast, hops and either wheat, rice, oats, barley, corn or rye depending on the employer’s formula.  These ingredients are brewed together, fermented and aged to produce beer or ale.  The taste and color of beer varies depending upon the type of grains used to make it and the employer’s specific formula.  The beer or ale is filled into bottles, cans or kegs.

Malt house – includes distributing stations

1. Brew pubs or restaurants that brew their own beer for immediate consumption.  Refer to Code 9071 “Restaurant – Full-Service – Including Entertainers and/or Musicians” or Code 9074 “Bar, Dance Club, Lounge, Nightclub or Tavern – Including Entertainers and/or Musicians.”

Code 4024 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing refractory bricks, clay products, earthenware, tile and other refractory products.  This classification includes shale, sand or clay digging for use in the employer’s own fabricated product.

The products may be manufactured from refractory clays with or without refractory materials such as magnesite, silica, bauxite and dolomite.  Refractory materials are grinded, screened, mixed and poured into molds and dried.  Once dried, the bricks or clay products are removed from the mold and baked in kilns.  For enameled brick, the bricks are dipped into enamels that contain chemicals, lead oxide, tin and salt and then baked two or more times to produce the enameled brick. 

This classification includes construction or reconstruction of sheds or kilns; clay, shale or sand digging; the manufacturing of common, face, pressed or repressed building or paving bricks; sand-lime bricks; structural, fireproof, drainage and roofing tiles; wall copings; glazed or unglazed sewer or drain pipes or conduits; or similar products.

1. Concrete products manufacturing.  Refer to Code 4034 “Concrete Products Mfg. & Drivers.”

2. Digging sand or gravel for others.  Refer to Code 4000 “Sand or Gravel Digging & Drivers.”                  

3. Underground mining.  Refer to Code 1170 “Mining – NOC – With Shafts, Tunnels or Drifts & Drivers.”

4. Quarrying.  Refer to Code 1624 “Quarry – NOC & Drivers.”   

Code 9019 applies to employers engaged in operating bridges, tunnels, roadways, parkways and highways operated by municipalities, townships, counties or the state.  This would include patrol or traffic control at the approaches on the bridges and in the tunnels.  Toll collectors at toll booths of bridges, tunnels, or parkways are assigned to this classification.
 

1. Bridge:
1. Construction – steel.  Refer to Code 5040 “Iron or Steel Erection – Frame Structures – All Operations to Completion.”   
2. Painting.  Refer to Code 5037 “Painting – Metal Structures – Over Two Stories in Height – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.”
3. Cleaning roadways on bridges.  Refer to Code 9402 “Street Cleaning – All Operations to Completion & Drivers.”

Includes assembling and sawing, molding or turning of backs and handles.

Code 2835 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing and/or assembling all types of brushes, brooms, mops, paintbrushes and paint rollers.

1. Manufacturing:
   1. Brush or broom – wood handles only.  Sawing, molding or turning of backs and handles only, no assembling.  Refer to Code 2841 “Woodenware Mfg. – NOC.”
   2. Metal handles and backs only.  Refer to Code 3315 “Brass or Copper Goods Mfg.” 
2. Feathers dealer – wholesale – baled only.  Refer to Code 8103 “Wool Merchant & Drivers.”

Applicable to mass produced stamped metal articles using fully automatic punch presses exclusively.

Code 3129 applies to employers engaged in manufacturing stamped metal products such as buttons, buckles, bottle caps or crowns, nameplates, picture hangers, wall brackets, nail heads, washers, gaskets, shims and advertising badges, as well as other components produced on a job basis, including electronic contacts, terminals and jewelry findings.  These products are manufactured from coil or strip metal stock by means of fully automatic type punch presses.

While basic operations of employers assigned to this classification consist of the automatic stamping of the coil or strip metal stock, the subsequent cleaning, deburring and finishing by heat treating, painting and electroplating are also inclusive under this classification.

1. Metal stamping manufacturing, other than buttons, buckles, bottle caps or crowns, produced by hand-fed type of punch press operations.  Refer to Code 3400 “Metal Stamped Products Mfg. – NOC.”
    

Applies only to a building where the employer does not conduct janitorial, custodial or other business operations at the same location.

Includes maintenance and ordinary repairs of recreational vehicle campgrounds or trailer or mobile park grounds.

Code 9029 applies to employers engaged in performing maintenance operations and/or ordinary repair of buildings owned by banks or trust companies in their fiduciary capacity.  For this classification to be applied, the employer cannot perform any janitorial services such as sweeping, mopping or taking out the trash.  This classification is intended to cover maintenance or repair employees such as window cleaners, painters, carpenters, electricians, plumbers and steam fitters.  Operations involve maintaining the building whether cleaning the windows, fixing leaks, changing bulbs, performing carpentry or painting when necessary. 

This classification also includes the operation of mobile and/or trailer home parks, recreation vehicle campgrounds or parks.  Maintenance and repair operations as indicated above are conducted in order to maintain and repair the facilities.

This classification is also applicable to ordinary maintenance and repair of a building operated on behalf of the owner by a real estate agent, when performed by regular employees of the real estate agent.

• Handymen employed by real estate development companies to do minor repair work on buyers’ homes
• Vessels – pier maintenance

1. Operations:
   1. Commercial building with no dwelling occupancy except by owner of custodian.  Refer to Code 9026 “Building Operation – Commercial – No Dwelling Occupancy Except by Owner or Custodian.”
   2. Residential building not more than twelve tenants including a janitor and not more than one story used for commercial purposes.  Refer to Code 9027 “Building Operation – Dwelling or Combined Dwelling and Commercial Occupancy Not More than One Story Used for Commercial Purposes.”
   3. Residential building or combined dwelling and commercial occupancy building.  Refer to Code 9028 “Building Operation – NOC – Dwelling or Combined Dwelling and Commercial Occupancy.”

Applicable only to risks dealing in two or more of the groups of materials listed below; however, it shall not be applicable to a risk if its sale of any one of such group of materials exceeds 80% of its total sales:

• Coal, fuel oil, wood or ice
• Building materials including lumber
• Hay, grain, feed or seed
• Agricultural implements or farm machinery

Includes preserving operations.  Code 8232 and 2702 “Logging or Lumbering & Drivers” shall not be assigned to the same risk unless the operations described by these classifications are conducted as separate and distinct businesses.

Code 8232 applies to employers engaged in selling lumber and/or building materials on a wholesale or retail basis.  Building materials may include, but are not limited to, roofing, siding, shingles, wallboard, paint, brick, tile, cement, ready-mix concrete, sand or gravel.  Lumber products may include, but are not limited to, rough and dressed:  lumber, flooring, molding, doors, sashes, frames or other types of millwork.

• Concrete Redi-mix in transit
• Wood preserving operations

1. Manufacturing operations.  Assign the appropriate manufacturing classification.

2. Erection or construction operations.  Assign the appropriate contracting classification.

3. Retail store operations physically separated and staffed on the premises of a building material dealer.  Assign the appropriate retail store classification.

4. Second hand materials.  Refer to Code 8263 “Junk Dealer & Drivers.”

Separately rate window cleaning, maintenance or repairs at any location where the employer does not also perform janitorial services.  Not applicable to the operation of any building of which the employer occupies the entire or major portion for manufacturing or mercantile purposes.

Code 9026 applies to employers engaged operating a commercial building where there is no dwelling occupancy except for the owner or custodian.  Also, the entire or major portion (depending on the size of the building, usually more than one-half) of the building cannot be occupied by the employer to conduct manufacturing or mercantile operations.

Operations involve maintaining the building as well as performing janitorial services. Maintenance of the building will involve window cleaning, plumbing, changing light bulbs and performing any necessary repairs.  However, in addition to maintaining the building, the employer must perform janitorial services.  Janitorial services are defined as your ordinary up keep of a building such as sweeping, mopping, taking out the trash, mowing the lawn, snow removal and other janitorial services.

• Flea markets that rent indoor space to vendors
• Self-service storage facilities – customers who handle own merchandise

1. Operations:
   1. Commercial building where window cleaning and maintenance is being performed and no janitorial services are being provided.  Refer to Code 9029 “Building – NOC – Maintenance or Ordinary Repair Only – Not Contractors.”
   2. Residential building not more than twelve tenants including a janitor and not more than one story used for commercial purposes.  Refer to Code 9027 “Building Operation – Dwelling or Combined Dwelling and Commercial Occupancy Not More than One Story Used for Commercial Purposes.”
   3. Residential building or combined dwelling and commercial occupancy building.  Refer to Code 9028 “Building Operation – NOC – Dwelling or Combined Dwelling and Commercial Occupancy.”

Shall not apply to a building of which the employer occupies the major portion for manufacturing or mercantile purposes nor to a location where more than the equivalent of one full-time employee performs building operation work.

Code 9027 applies to employers that are engaged in operating a building that has dwelling or combined dwelling and commercial occupancy provided that only one story is used for commercial occupancy.  Applies where each separate location provides dwelling occupancies for not more than twelve tenants including a janitor, if any.  “Location” is defined as one or more buildings located on a single property occupied by the employer not intercepted by a public way or property owned by others.  The operations involve maintaining the building as well as performing janitorial services.  Maintenance of the building will involve window cleaning, plumbing, changing light bulbs and performing any necessary repairs.  However, in addition to maintaining the building, the employer must also perform janitorial services.  Janitorial services are defined as your ordinary up keep of a building such as sweeping, mopping, taking out the trash, mowing the lawn, snow removal and other janitorial services.

• Apartment or boarding house operations – limited to 12 tenants including super’s apartment
• Rooming house – without room service

1. Operation:
   1. Commercial building where window cleaning and maintenance is being performed and no janitorial services are being provided.  Refer to Code 9029 “Building – NOC – Maintenance or Ordinary Repair Only – Not Contractors.”
   2. Residential building or combined dwelling and commercial occupancy building.  Refer to Code 9028 “Building Operation – NOC – Dwelling or Combined Dwelling and Commercial Occupancy.”
   3. Commercial building with no dwelling occupancy except by owner or custodian.  Refer to Code 9026 “Building Operation – Commercial – No Dwelling Occupancy Except by Owner or Custodian.”

Shall not apply to a location at which the basic and major operations of the employer are described by some other classification.  Window cleaning, maintenance or repairs at any location where the employer does not also perform janitorial services are to be separately rated.  Shall not apply to a building of which the employer occupies the major portion for manufacturing or mercantile purposes.

Code 9028 applies to employers engaged in operating a building where there is dwelling, or dwelling combined with commercial occupancy.  The entire or major portion (depending on the size of the building, usually more than one-half) of the building cannot be occupied by the employer to conduct manufacturing or mercantile operations.  The operations involve maintaining the building as well as performing janitorial services.  Maintenance of the building will involve window cleaning, plumbing, changing light bulbs and performing any necessary repairs.  However, in addition to maintaining the building, the employer must also perform janitorial services.  Janitorial services are defined as your ordinary up keep of a building such as sweeping, mopping, taking out the trash, mowing the lawn, snow removal and other janitorial services.

• Apartment or boarding house operations commercial and residential buildings – over 12 tenants
• Rooming houses – without room service

1. Operations:
   1. Commercial building where window cleaning and maintenance is being performed and no janitorial services are being provided.  Refer to Code 9029 “Building – NOC – Maintenance or Ordinary Repair Only – Not Contractors.”
   2. Residential building not more than twelve tenants including a janitor and not more than one story used for commercial purposes.  Refer to Code 9027 “Building Operation – Dwelling or Combined Dwelling and Commercial Occupancy Not More than One Story Used for Commercial Purposes.”
   3. Commercial building with no dwelling occupancy except by owner or custodian.  Refer to Code 9026 “Building Operation – Commercial – No Dwelling Occupancy Except by Owner or Custodian.”

Code 5703 applies to employers engaged in building raising or moving, including incidental shoring, removal or rebuilding of walls, foundations, columns or piers.  This classification also applies to shoring and underpinning operations.  Operations such as excavation, masonry, carpentry, etc., are inclusive under this classification when performed by underpinning contractors and work involving building raising or moving.

When building raising or moving is done, openings (trenches) are dug at various intervals around a  building or structure.  Hydraulic jacks are used to raise a building or structure several feet above the foundation.  Steel beams are placed around the structure for support during the moving operation.  To move the actual structure, dollies are set in place and the structure is lowered onto the dollies with precise maneuvering.  The structure is then transported to another location by means of trailers, set in place on the foundation and is secured as necessary.  Contractors engaged in this operation may also engage in incidental shoring, rebuilding walls, installing piers or columns etc. This work is inclusive under this classification when performed in conjunction with building moving or raising.

1. Caisson or cofferdam work or shaft sinking.  Refer to Code 6252 “Shaft Sinking – All Operations to Completion.”

Applies to general cleaning of interior of buildings including washing walls, waxing, polishing or refinishing floors and window cleaning.

Code 9030 applies to employers engaged in cleaning office buildings, window cleaning, floor scraping and finishing and other similar services.  The employer will clean the interior of office buildings which involves sweeping, mopping, dusting, emptying waste baskets, and cleaning windows including the exterior.  Materials such as cleaning fluids, dust cloths, mops, brooms, floor scrapers, floor polishers, wax, detergents, squeegees, buckets and water are used.  The employer’s employees are sent to locations of others to perform these services.

• Floor buffing, polishing, scraping or finishing
• Water testing and treating

Code 8394 applies to employers engaged in operating bus and ambulance companies.  Drivers are assigned to certain routes designated by the employer that involve picking up individuals and transporting them to specific destinations.  School bus drivers normally have an assigned route which involves picking up individuals at their residence or at a designated bus stop and transporting them to the schools.  Bus matrons accompany bus drivers on buses to ensure that when entering and leaving the bus, individuals are properly seated as well as to assist those who are physically challenged.

• Airline terminals not at airports – dispatchers, porters and cleaners
• Casinos or hotels transporting patrons
• Chauffeurs other than limousines driving buses, station wagons and private passenger automobiles used for the transportation of persons, for an employer assigned to a classification which does not include drivers, chauffeurs and their helpers

1. Bus:
   1. Drivers that are employed by schools.  Refer to Code 9101 “School or College – All Other Employees & Drivers.”
   2. Matrons that are employed by schools.  Refer to Code 8868 “School or College – Professional Employees & Clerical.”

2. Garage employees of bus and ambulance companies.  Refer to Code 8385 “Bus Company – Garage Employees.”

Code 8385 is used in conjunction with another classification such as Code 8394 “Bus Company – All Other Employees & Drivers,” Code 7377 “Limousine or Livery Service – Private – All Other Employees & Drivers,” and Code 7368 “Taxicab or Livery Service – Public – All Other Employees & Drivers” and not used as a stand-alone classification.

Code 8385 applies to garage employees of employers that operate bus companies, ambulance service companies, limousine or livery companies, taxicab companies, and school bus companies.  These garage employees perform all mechanical repairs on their employers’ vehicles; service such vehicles with gas, oil and water; check and change oil, tires or batteries when necessary; wash and clean the vehicles as well as any other duties required to keep the vehicles and garage equipment in proper working order.

This classification additionally applies to maintenance employees of a railroad operation that relate to the maintenance of bus lines.

• Automobile rental with drivers – garage employees only
• Sightseeing tours – bus – garage employees

1. Ambulance company – not volunteer or bus company – all other employees and drivers.  Bus company – all other employees and drivers. Refer to Code 8394 “Bus Company – All Other Employees & Drivers.”

2. Limousine or livery service – private – all other employees and drivers.  Funeral drivers employed by private livery company that drive flower cars, hearses or limousines.  Refer to Code 7377 “Limousine or Livery Service – Private – All Other Employees & Drivers.”

3. Taxicab or livery service – public – all other employees and drivers.  Refer to Code 7368 “Taxicab or Livery Service – Public – All Other Employees & Drivers.”

Code 2081 and Code 2089 “Packing House – All Operations” shall not be assigned to the same risk unless the operations described by these classifications are conducted as separate and distinct businesses.

Code 2081 applies to employers engaged in butchering or slaughtering livestock.  The livestock is received from customers and held in pens prior to being sent to the slaughtering room.  The livestock are then slaughtered in the slaughtering rooms.  After slaughtering, the carcasses are skinned, cut into halves or quarters.  Meat may also be boned and ground.  Some employers may also shape ground meat into patties.  This classification includes the handling of livestock, preparation of dressed meat, rendering and washing of casings, salting of hides and cooking of offal.  Employers subject to this classification do not engage in the treatment of viscera or by-products after removal from the carcasses. 

The following clarifies the distinctions between Code 2081 and Code 2089 “Packing House – All Operations” for classification purposes.  Although both classifications contemplate butchering or slaughtering and the handling of livestock, the packing house classification, Code 2089, is applied to those employers whose operations involve meat processing beyond the point of cutting, boning and dressing for distribution to customers such as wholesalers, retailers, restaurants and hotels.  In order to qualify for Code 2089, the risk’s principal operations must be that of processing meat.  Processing meat includes but is not limited to processes such as smoking or curing hams, bacon manufacturing, pickling or otherwise preserving beef or pork cuts and, in many cases, the packaging of meat products in the form that they will be subsequently sold to the consumer.  Employers that do not process meat as described above but only engage in sausage manufacturing and butchering operations that involve cutting of steaks, chops, roasts and incidental grinding of meat are assigned to this classification.
    

Stockyards - including butchering

1. Poultry raising farms – no slaughtering.  Refer to Code 0034 “Poultry Farm & Drivers.”

2. Poultry raising farms who slaughter, eviscerate and pack poultry to be sold fresh or frozen, or the slaughtering of livestock, with further processing of meats and distribution as performed by a packing house.  Refer to Code 2089 “Packing House – All Operations.”

3. Purchasing dressed poultry, cook, debone and put into cans or jars.  Refer to Code 6504 “Food Sundries Mfg. – NOC – No Cereal Milling.”

4. Slaughtering poultry by wholesale or retail dealer.  Refer to Code 8021 “Fish, Poultry or Meat Dealer –Wholesale,” or Code 8031 “Fish, Poultry or Meat Store – Retail.”